Hinge



May 10, 1949. l l R, E, WEAVER 2,469,804

HINGE Filed Jan. 3o, 1947 2 Sheets-sheet 1 May 10 1949 R. E. WEAVER I 2,469,804

HINGE l Filed Jan. 30, 1947 z'sheets-sneet 2 #c 31E-5 ,TFE-TAU WW o y e9 TL? 5 @i /fi' Patented May 10, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HINGE Richard Eshleman Weaver, Ronks, Pa.

Application January 30, 1947, Serial No. 725,221

8 Claims.

My invention relates broadly to hinges and more particularly to an improved construction of hinge requiring a minimum of material and eiTort for its application to parts to be hinge-d.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide an improved construction of hinge which may be inexpensively manufactured on a mass production scale and which may be inexpensively installed for the mounting of hinged parts with a minimum of skill and without the expenditure of time heretofore necessary in the mortising of parts to be hinged.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved construction of hinge which may be installed between hinged parts by simply drilling a hole between the parts, introducing rail-like guiding liners in the coacting parts and inserting within the rail-like guiding liners a two-section hinge having parts corresponding in sectional contour with the sections provided by the raillike guiding liners.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved construction of hinge in which raillike guiding liners of symmetrical construction are applied to the parts to be hinged and a twopart pivoted hinge having sections corresponding in contour to the section of the rail-like guiding liners moved into position in the rail-like guiding liners for hingedly mounting the coacting parts to be hinged,

Still another object of my invention is to provide a practical construction of hinge which may be formed from plastic material by inexpensive processes of molding.

Other and further objects of my invention reside in the simplified construction of hinge and the method of mounting the hinge as set forth more fully in the specication hereinafter following by reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is front elevational view of a door with the hinge construction of my invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a View illustrating the initial step which is taken in mounting the coacting parts to be hinged by the drilling of a hole therebetween providing a semi-cylindrical recess in the stationary part and an aligned semi-cyindrical recess in the movable part; Fig. 3 shows the completed bore after the coacting parts have been drilled as in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 illustrates the coacting parts wherein each semi-cylindrical recess has applied thereto a rail-like guiding liner in accordance with my invention; Fig. 5 illustrates the manner of inserting a two-part pivoted' hinge in the rail-like guiding liners in the coactq ing parts in accordance with my invention; Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the hinge and the relation thereof to the parts to be hinged, the view being taken substantially on line 6-6 as a section of Fig. '7 through the hinged door; Fig. '7 is a top plan view of the two-part hinge in position within the rail-like guiding liners, the View showing the coacting parts to be hinged and the rail-like guiding liners in horizontal section; Fig. 8 is a horizontal view taken through the two-part hinge, the rail-like guiding liners and the coacting parts to be hinged and showing the hinge in closed position; Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but showing the door moved to open position; Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on line Ill-I0 of Fig. 8; Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on line II--Il of Fig. 8; Fig. 12 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially on line I2-I2 of Fig. 8; Fig. 13 is a perspective View of one of the rail-like guiding liners employe-d in the hingefconstruction of my invention; Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the coacting rail-like guiding liners employed in the hinge construction of my invention; Fig. 15V is a perspective view of one of the hinged sections employed in the hinge of my invention; Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the coacting hinged section employed in the hinge of my invention; Fig. 17 is a vertical sectional View through a modified form of pintle construction employed in the hinge of my invention; and Fig. 18 is a horizontal sectional view showing a manner of mounting the hinge of my invention so that one end of the hinge is substantially concealed by terminating the bore in the coacting parts to be hinged short of the total depth thereof.

Referring to the drawings in detail reference character I in Figure 1 designates the wood framing of a. door within which the wooden door 2 is to be mounted with respect to the oor line 3. The door 2 is nished substantially to size as in the conventional practice and is then centered with respect to the floor line 3 and the top of the frame l at la by the insertion of suitable sets of wedges which I have represented at 4 and 5. Another set of Wedges 6 is inserted between the lefthand edge of the door 2 and the righthand edge Ib of the framing I. Thus the door 2 is so positioned with respect to the lefthand side Ic of the framing l that the lefthand edge 2a of the door 2 extends in intimate alignment with the lefthand side Ic of the framing I. While so centered an auger bit 'I is operated to drill a hole in the wood between the lefthand side Ic foi' the framing I and the leithand edge of the door 2 at 2a as represented in Fig. 2. Auger bit 'I has the screw-threaded end 'Ia thereof centered on the junction line 8 between the lefthand framing Ic of frame I and the lefthand edge 2a of door 2 so that the auger bit I drills and cuts a hole between the coacting parts to be hinged where one semi-cylindrical portion or recess of the said hole is formed at 9a in the stationary framing Ic and the other aligned semi-cylindrical recess 9b is formed in the movable part to be hinged, that is, door 2 as shown in Fig. 3. The drilling of one hole suitably spaced below the top of the ydoor 2A and another hole suitably elevated above the bottom of the door 2 as represented in Fig. 1 constitute the preparation necessary for hanging the door. No chiselling or mortising as conventionally required is necessary. Suchr chiselling or mortising normally requires the skill of an experienced carpenter with the incidentalv expenditure of time and inherent expense of installation. The installation prepa-ration inthe present arrangement may be accomplished with the eX-penditure of minimum time and skill.

After the drilling of thetwo holes as hereinbefore described in the position I f and II with respect to the door 2` and associated framing I', the aligned semi-cylindrical apertures are ready to receive the rail-like guiding liners of my inven-tion. These rail-like guiding liners have been shown in Figs. 1'3 and 14 and are' symmetrical in construction and may be merely reversed with respectto each other to permit the mounting thereof in the aligned semi-cylindrical recesses- 9a and 9b. The rail-like guiding liner shownv in Fig. 13' comprises the sheet metal stamping I2 which is die pressed in semi-circular section to form a semi-cylindrical part having radiallyv inturned rail-like portions IZc and I2b extending longitudinally of the' liner I2. The rail-like portion-s IZaand I2b' are coplanar and are directed toward each other. A central aperture I4 is formed in the liner I2 with symmetrically ar'- ranged aperture-s I5 distributedl therearound. The apertures I5` are counter-sunk to permit the passage of the lister head screws I6 into the Wood of the stationary part Ic of the door framing Il thereby presenting a smooth semi-- cylindrical surface along which the hinge may be moved.

Thev coacting rail-like guiding liner shown in Fig. 14 is identical in construction with the construction of the liner I2 shown in Fig. 13' and I have indicated the corresponding parts by similar primed reference characters, that is, the liner as indicated at I2 of semi-cylindrical contour having radially extending rail-like portions I2a and I2b" directed toward eachother in coplanar relation. The liner I2l is provi-ded with a central aperture' I4 with symmetrically distributed apertures I5' therearound. The apertures I5 are counter-sunk adjacent the interior surface of liner I2 to receive the lister head screws I1 which enter the movable part or door- 2 presenting a smooth interior surface along which the hinge may be inserted.

With the' rail-like' guiding liners I2 and I2 in position as illustrated in Fig. 4, the hinge of my invention may be insertedto -both key the parts andhingedly connect the parts as represented more clearly in Figs. 5-18. The hinge comprises a pair of substantially semi-cylindrical parts shown-at I8 and I9". The parts I8 and I9 formed from metal may be cast, drop forgedy die pressed or otherwise fabricated from metal with suffi'- cient temper' imparted thereto toiprovidfe that de- 4 gree of toughness necessary to withstand the shock and shear strains to which the hinge is subjected in use. When formed from plastic the parts of the hinge may be reinforced with metal and molded to provide a strong and lasting hinge of extremely low cost.

The shape of the coacting part i9 of the hinge has been shown more clearly in Fig. 15 while the shape of the other coacting part It of the hinge is shown more clearly in Fig. 16. It will be observed that the part I3 has an extended portion ot semi-cylindrical section which is slightly longer than the length of the rail-like guiding liner |52, while the part i9 of the hinge shown in Fig l5 has alsemi-cylindrical section oi a length slightly longer than the length of the rail-like guiding liner llfl.- The semi-cylindrical body portions or" each of the hinge sections IS and I9 terminate in enlarged substantially semi-spherical end portions represented at i8 and it. The semispherical endportion I9 carries a pintle 2t therein adapted" to enter an aligned recess 2i in the semi-spherical end portion I8 of hinge portion I8; Thus the two hinged parts when closed upon themselves constitute substantially a cylinder having a diametri'cal extending space between semi-cylir'idricalr portions I8 and I9 thereof. The semi-cylindrical"portions I8 and I9 serve as keys adapted to enter between the rail-like guiding liners I2 and I2. The at surfaces of the semicylindrical portions I8 and I9 of the hinge slide directly against the rail-like portions I2a-i2b and' I`2'a and' I2b respectively separated by a gap 22 therebetween. The gap 22 has a width equivalentto the thickness of the adjacent rail-like abutting portions I'ia-lZa and tit-|212. Thus the semi-cylindrical portions IB and I9 of the hing-e' corresponding in' contour with the section O'therail-like guiding liners I2 and I2 are slid as represented' in Figs. 5-7 to a position keying the swinging door 2 and the stationary frame Ic together. When the semi-cylindrical portions I8 andv I9 are moved to the limit of the required keying position in which the ends of. the semi-cylindrical' parts I8` and I9 are substantially coplanar wi'ththe ends of the rail-like guiding liners I2 and I2" lister head screws. 2.3 and 24 are introduced through the' apertures I3" and It in the semi-cylindrical parts I8 and I9 of the hinge, the screws passing through the central apertures I4 and I4 in the rail-like guiding liners I2 and I4 respectively and serving to secure the hinge in position.

The apertures I8" and i9 are each counteri sunk in the diametrical faces of the semi-cyiind'rcal; portions I8.V and i9 of the hinge so that the lister heads of the screws 23 and 2i are countersunk therein and form no obstruction with respect to the movement of the hinged parts with respect to each other. This is accomplished by separating the moving part from the stationary part as represented *in Fig. 17 to permit access to each of the screws 23 and 2li to enable the screws to lbe readily screwed home to a iirm 4binding position. When thus fastened the door on the pivots provided `by the pintles extending through the respective hinges in the positions i and I I may b'e closed wit-h reference lto the iraming as represented kin Fig. 8.

In lieu of the form of pintle illustrated in Figs. 12 and 15 in which pintle i2 extends from the semi-spherical end I9 of part I9, I provide a screw-threaded removable pintle 25 as represented in Fig. 17. In this arrangement the semispherical end I9' of part I9 is drilled and .tapped as represented at I9 to receive the screwthreaded portion a of the pintle 25. The smooth wall portion 25h of reduced section of pintle 25 enters recess 2l in the semi-spherical end I8 of the part I8 of the hinge. Thus upon breakage of the pintle 25, a replacement pintle may be readily installed.

As represented in Fig. 18 the hinge of my invention may be installed in a concealed manner by limiting the depth of the 'bore so that the semi-cylindrical recesses extend only to a depth indicated by reference characters 2K5 and 2l in the stationary part ic and movable part 2. Thus the ends of the semi-cylindrical portions I8 and l d yof the hinge are concealed and do not protrude or extend through the door yas I indicated in the views illustrating my invention in Figs. 1-1'7. All other features of my invention as illustrated in Figs. 1-1'7 are contained in the arrangement shown in Fig. 18.

For purposes of providing a finished appearance .to a door installed in accordance with my invention herein suitable ornamental molding 28 may be installed with respect to the stationary part Ic of the door framing by appropriate fastening means such as nailingy as represented `at 29. In this arrangement the molding 28 has a suicient depth to conceal the end of the semi-cylindrical part I9 vand rail-like guiding liner I2 when the door 2 is in closed position as represented in Fig. 8 thereby maintaining a nished and ornamental appearance for the door installation.

The hinge of my invention is so constructed that mass production inexpensively on a quantty basis may be effected. Installation of the hinge is so simple that a high degree of experience is not necessary. Moreover, the installation can be made quickly thereby saving building costs and eXpediting building construction. Removal of the door from the hinge may be accomplished very simply by either removing the hinges or swinging the door to open position as illustrated in Fig. 17 and slightly raising the door to elevate part I9 of the hinge with respect to part I8 sufficiently to allow the pintle 2d to clear the socket opening 2I. The removal can also be accomplished by unscrewing the screw threaded pintles 25 from their positions in part I9 of the hinge. Removal of the hinges from the door can also be very simply accomplished by unscrewing screws 23 and/or 2li to enable the freed portion of the hinge to be slid out from the associated rail-like guiding liner. Where it may be desirable to prevent ready removal of the door the upper and lower hinges Ill and Il represented in Fig. 1 may be reversed with respect to each other so that the pintle of the upper hinge Ii] is directed downwardly while the pintle of the lower hinge Il is directed upwardly. The two pintles directed toward each other serve as a conning means to secure the door with respect to the door framing.

While I have described my invention in certain of its preferred embodiments I realize that modication may be made and I intend no limitations upon my invention other than may be imposed by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. In a hinge structure, a rail-like semi-cylindrical guiding liner disposed in each of two adjacent semi--cylindrical recesses with rail-like members thereon abutting face to face in diametrically opposite positions and a hinge comprising a pair of semi-cylindrical parts hingedly connected together and operative to slidably enter said rail-like guiding liners with the semi-cylindrical parts of said hinge abutting against the rail-like members of said semi-cylindrical liners.

2. A hinge structure comprising a rail-like guiding liner of semi-cylindrical contour secured within each of two adjacent semi-cylindrical recesses with rail-like extensions thereon abutting face to face and a hinge comprising a pair of pintle connected semi-cylindrical members slidable into said rail-like guiding liners and adapted to be keyed by the rail-like extensions on said rail-like guiding liners.

3. A hinge construction comprising a rail-like guiding liner of semi-cylindrical section disposed in each of two adjacent semi-cylindrical recesses, said rail-like guiding liners having longitudinally extending rails thereon directed in coplanar relation toward each other and a hinge formed by mutually pivoted semi-cylindrical parts, one of said parts 'adapted to slidably enter one of said rail-like guiding liners and the other of said parts adapted to slidably enter the other of said rail-like guiding liners for swingably mounting said swingable part with respect to said stationary part.

4. A hinge for interconnecting a stationary part and a Swingable part comprising in combination a stationary cylindrical plug-like hinge diametrically divided into a pair of substantially semicylindrical parts pivotally mounted with respect to each other, a pair of substantially semi-cylindrical rail-like guiding liners secured in abutting portions of the stationary and swingable parts to be connected, means for securing said raillike guiding liners to said respective stationary and swingable parts and means for fastening the send-cylindrical parts of said hinge through said 40 liners and into said stationary and swingable parts.

5. A hinge system comprising a rail-like guiding liner disposed in each of two adjacent recessed parts and including a pair of integrally connected diametrically extending rail portions, and a hinge eomprising a pair of pivotally connected substantially semi-cylindrical members, said members being respectively slidable into the rail-like guiding liners in abutment with the rail portions.

6. A hinge system comprising a rail-like guiding liner disposed in each of two adjacent recessed parts and including a pair of integrally connected diametrically extending rail portions, a hinge comprising a pair of pivotally :connected substantially semi-cylindrical members, said members being respectively slidable into the raillike guiding liners in abutment with the rail portions and fastening means extending through the semi-cylindrical hinge members and through said rail-like guiding liners.

7. A hinge comprising a substantially cylindrical plug-like member including a pair of coacting substantially semi-cylindrical portions each having a substantially dat diametrically eX- tending inner face terminating in a substantially semi-spherical end portion having a -at diametrically disposed face extending in a plane substantially normal to the plane of the first mentioned flat face of said member, a substantially semi-cylindrical rail-like guiding liner substantially enveloping each of the substantially semi-cylindrical portions of said hinge, means for attaching one of said rail-like guiding liners to a 75 stationary member, means for attaching the other of said rail-like guiding liners to a swingable member and means pivotally interconnecting said semi-spherical endV portions.

8. A hinge for swingably suspending a movable surface member with respect to a stationary surface member, comprising in combination with a bore extending between said members with one semi-cylindrical portion of the bore recessed into the stationary member and the aligned semicylindrical portion of the bore recessed into the movable portion, a pair of symmetrical rail-like guiding liners, each having diametrically extending coplanar rail portions terminating in spaced relation to each other, a hinge in the form of a cylindrical plug divided vertically into a pair of semi-cylindrical portions land divided horizontally into a pair of semi-spherical portions, means pivotally interconnecting said semispherical portions, said semi-cylindrical portions being slidable into and out of said rail-like guiding liners and engageable behind said coplanar Vrai-l portions, means for securing saidV rail-like REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the hie of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 759,890 Hubbard May 17, 1904 968,473 Hardy Aug. 23, 1910 1,486,371 Forbes Mar. 11, 1924 1,915,448 Ruth June 27, 1933 

